愛德華·鐵欽納
構(gòu)造主義心理學(xué)代表
心靈是一個過程流，而非對象的集合。
The task of psychology is to reduce complex mental phenomena to their simplest components.
心理學(xué)的任務(wù)是將復(fù)雜的心理現(xiàn)象還原為最簡單的組成部分。
The only valid data for psychology are the reports of trained observers.
心理學(xué)唯一有效的數(shù)據(jù)是受過訓(xùn)練的觀察者的報告。
Psychology must be independent of philosophy and physiology.
心理學(xué)必須獨(dú)立于哲學(xué)和生理學(xué)。
The mind is a mosaic of elementary processes.
心靈是基本過程的鑲嵌體。
The elements of mind are to be discovered by systematic introspection.
心靈的元素要通過系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)省來發(fā)現(xiàn)。
Psychology is concerned with the what and how of mental life, not the why.
心理學(xué)關(guān)注心理生活的“是什么”和“怎么樣”，而非“為什么”。
The study of the mind must be based on direct observation.
對心靈的研究必須基于直接觀察。
The psychologist must avoid all metaphysical assumptions.
心理學(xué)家必須避免一切形而上的假設(shè)。
Consciousness is a process, not a substance.
意識是一個過程，而非物質(zhì)。
The aim of psychology is to describe the structure of experience.