愛(ài)德華·鐵欽納
構(gòu)造主義心理學(xué)代表
心理學(xué)必須基于可觀察的事實(shí)，而非推測(cè)。
The mind is a constantly changing flux of processes.
心靈是一個(gè)不斷變化的過(guò)程流。
The elements of consciousness are to be discovered by careful experimentation.
意識(shí)的元素要通過(guò)細(xì)致的實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)。
The psychologist must describe, not explain.
心理學(xué)家必須描述，而非解釋。
The method of psychology must be as exact as that of the physical sciences.
心理學(xué)的方法必須像自然科學(xué)一樣精確。
The mind is a dynamic system of processes.
心靈是一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)的過(guò)程系統(tǒng)。
Psychology must avoid all forms of mentalism.
心理學(xué)必須避免一切形式的心靈主義。
The elements of consciousness are to be studied in their pure form.
意識(shí)的元素要以純粹形式研究。
The study of consciousness must be free from all preconceptions.
對(duì)意識(shí)的研究必須擺脫一切先入之見(jiàn)。
The psychologist must be a strict empiricist.
心理學(xué)家必須是一個(gè)嚴(yán)格的實(shí)證主義者。
The mind is a stream of processes, not a collection of objects.