實(shí)際情況中,人民的意愿指的不過(guò)是人民中人數(shù)最多或發(fā)言最積極那部分人的意愿;多數(shù)人,或那些成功地控制主流發(fā)言權(quán)的人可以利用他們的“民主權(quán)利”去壓迫他們以外的任何人。這種“多數(shù)人的暴政”和任何其他濫用權(quán)力的行為一樣,都需要采取措施來(lái)防止這種情況發(fā)生。因此,即使在一個(gè)擁有政府時(shí)時(shí)刻刻能被民眾審查的民主社會(huì)中,政府權(quán)力的限制依然未失去其重要性。
The will of the people, moreover, practically means the will of the most numerous or the most active part of the people; the majority, or those who succeed in making themselves accepted as the majority; the people, consequently may desire to oppress a part of their number; and precautions are as much needed against this as against any other abuse of power. The limitation, therefore, of the power of government over individuals loses none of its importance when the holders of power are regularly accountable to the community, that is, to the strongest party therein
在我的一生中,我認(rèn)識(shí)的智者......沒(méi)有一個(gè)不是一直在讀書(shū)的--沒(méi)有,沒(méi)有。你會(huì)驚訝于沃倫讀了多少書(shū)--我讀了多少書(shū)......他們認(rèn)為我是一本伸出兩條腿的書(shū)。
你后半生的深刻個(gè)人材料就是你的童年。
我不是一個(gè)完美的人,我從來(lái)沒(méi)有聲稱過(guò)。但我每天都在努力變得比昨天更好。
系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性由其根的行為決定。